Species

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Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

Vespa vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758:572, sex not indicated.Europa; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81, Lectotype ♀ (Linnaean Society, London). - Lewis, 1897Lewis, B.S. 1897. Vespinae of the United States and Canada. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 24 (2):169-192, 1 pl. (distribution). - As Paravespula vulgaris: - Smissen, 2001Smissen, J. van der 2001. Die Wildbienen und Wespen Schleswig-Holsteins - Rote Liste. Landesamt für Natur und Umwelt des Landes Schleswig-Holsteins, Flintbek. 1-183.:55 (listed). - As Vespula vulgaris: - Akre et al., 1980Akre, R.D., A. Greene, J.F. MacDonald, P.J.Landolt & H.G. Davis 1980. The yellowjackets of America North of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Handbook 552:1-102. (distribution); Mauss & Treiber, 1994Mauss, V. & R. Treiber 1994. Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Faltenwespen (Hymenoptera: Masarinae, Polistinae, Vespinae) der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. DJN, Hamburg. 1-53.:48 (listed); Schmid-Egger et al., 1995Schmid-Egger, C., S. Risch & O. Niehuis 1995. Die Wildbienen und Wespen in Rheinland-Pfalz (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Verbreitung, Ökologie und Gefährdungssituation. Fauna Flora Rheinland-Pfalz Beiheft 16:1-296.:233 (Nistweise [in unterirdischen Hohlräumen.]); Fowles, A.P., 1996Fowles, A.P. 1996. A provisional checklist of the invertebrates recorded from Wales. 2. Aculeate wasps, bees and ants (Hymenoptera: Aculeata). 1-57. (distribution); Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92. (distribution); Smissen, 2001Smissen, J. van der 2001. Die Wildbienen und Wespen Schleswig-Holsteins - Rote Liste. Landesamt für Natur und Umwelt des Landes Schleswig-Holsteins, Flintbek. 1-183.:55 (listed, Nistweise [B, G,]); Oehlke, J., 2001Oehlke, J. 2001. Vespidae. In: Dathe, H., A. Taeger & S.M. Blank (Ed.). Verzeichnis der Hautflügler Deutschlands (Entomofauna Germanica, Band 4). 129-133. (distribution), 130 (distribution); Bieri, 2002Bieri, S. 2002. Bienen und Wespen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. 1-160. (distribution); Mauss & Treiber, 2004Mauss, V. & R. Treiber 2004. Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Faltenwespen (Hymenoptera: Masarinae, Polistinae, Vespinae) der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Deutscher Jugendbund für Naturbeobachtung, Hamburg. 1-53.:48 (listed); Dvorak, L., 2006Dvorak, L. 2006. Oriental Hornet Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 found in Mexico (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae). Ent. Problems 36 (1):80. (distribution); Dvorak & Straka, 2007Dvorak, L. & J. Straka 2007. Vespoidea: Vespidae (vosovití). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae Supplementum 11:171-189. (distribution); Landolt et al., 2010Landolt, P.J., J.M. Sierra, T.R. Unruh & R.S. Zack 2010. A new species of Vespula, and first record of Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from Guatemala, Central America. Zootaxa 2629:61-68. (distribution).
Vespa sexcincta Panzer, 1799:1, Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81, destroyed. - Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 ( listed as synonym of Vespa vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758).
Vespa communis Saussure, 1857:117, Kimsey & Carpenter, 2012Kimsey, L.S. & J.M. Carpenter 2012. The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28:37-65.:60, Syntype ♀♀ (Geneva, Paris). - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1521 ( listed as synonym of Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)); Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 ( listed as synonym of Vespa vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758); Kimsey & Carpenter, 2012Kimsey, L.S. & J.M. Carpenter 2012. The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28:37-65.:60 ( listed as synonym of Vespula maculifrons (du Buysson, 1905)).
Vespa alascensis Packard, 1870:27, Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 (type depository unknown); Kimsey & Carpenter, 2012Kimsey, L.S. & J.M. Carpenter 2012. The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28:37-65.:49, Holotype ♀ (unknown). - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1521 ( listed as synonym of Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)); Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 ( listed as synonym of Vespa vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758). - As Vespula alascensis:
Vespa westwoodii Shipp, 1893:450, Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81, Holotype ♀ (Oxford); Kimsey & Carpenter, 2012Kimsey, L.S. & J.M. Carpenter 2012. The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28:37-65.:49, Holotype ♀ (Oxford). - Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.:1521 ( listed as synonym of Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)); Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 ( listed as synonym of Vespa vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758); Kimsey & Carpenter, 2012Kimsey, L.S. & J.M. Carpenter 2012. The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28:37-65.:49 ( listed as synonym of Vespula alascensis (Packard, 1870)).
Vespa vulgaris pseudogermanica Stolfa, 1932:26 (key), Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 (type depository unknown). - Carpenter & Kojima, 1997Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.:81 ( listed as synonym of Vespa vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758).

Common names

  •  Gemeine Wespe

FotoID: 2617
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♂
Photographer: Beat Weisskopf
Location: Bern, Umgebung, 2006

FotoID: 2618
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♂
Photographer: Beat Weisskopf
Location: Bern, Umgebung, 2006

FotoID: 2619
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♂
Photographer: Beat Weisskopf
Location: Bern, Umgebung, 2006

FotoID: 556
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♀
Photographer: J├╝rgen Schmidt
Location: Kropp (Schleswig-Holstein) 2005

FotoID: 1182
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♀
Photographer: Sigrun Br├╝ggenthies
Location: Dortmund, 2006

FotoID: 293
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♀
Photographer: Wolfgang Rutkies
Location: 2005

FotoID: 287
Species: Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ♀
Photographer: Melanie v. Orlow
Location: 2005

Sponsorship

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Area distribution map

map of Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

Distribution

ALBAlbania
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
AUTAustria
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
BELBelgium
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
BGRBulgaria
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
BLRBelarus
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-AlbCanada - Alberta
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-BrCCanada - British Columbia
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-ManCanada - Manitoba
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-NeBCanada - New Brunswick
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-NeFCanada - Newfoundland
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-NoSCanada - Nova Scotia
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-NoTCanada - Northwest Territories
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-NunCanada - Nunavut
 (Akre et al., 1980)
CAN-OntCanada - Ontario
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-PEICanada - Prince Edward Island
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-QuéCanada - Québec
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CAN-SasCanada - Saskatchewan
 (Akre et al., 1980)
CAN-YukCanada - Yukon Territory
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CHESwitzerland
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CHNChina
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
CZECzech Republic
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997; Dvorak & Straka, 2007)
DEUGermany
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
DEU-BaGermany - Bavaria
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-BBGermany - Brandenburg + Berlin
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-BWGermany - Baden-Württemberg
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-HeGermany - Hesse
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-LSBGermany - Lower Saxony + Bremen
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-MVGermany - Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-NRWGermany - North Rhine-Westphalia
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-RPSGermany - Rhineland-Palatinate + Saarland
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-SAGermany - Saxony-Anhalt
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-SHHGermany - Schleswig-Holstein + Hamburg
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-SxGermany - Saxony
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DEU-ThGermany - Thuringia
 (Oehlke, J., 2001)
DNKDenmark
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
ESPSpain
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
FINFinland
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
FRAFrance
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
GBRUnited Kingdom
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
GBR-WalUnited Kingdom - Wales
 (Fowles, A.P., 1996)
GRCGreece
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
HUNHungary
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
IRLIreland
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
ISLIceland
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997 introduced)
ITAItaly
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
JPNJapan
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
KORKorea, Republic of (South Korea)
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
LIELiechtenstein
 (Bieri, 2002)
LUXLuxembourg
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
MDAMoldova, Republic of
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
MEXMexico
 (Dvorak, L., 2006; Landolt et al., 2010)
MEX-DurMexico - Durango
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
MEX-OaxMexico - Oaxaca
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
NLDNetherlands
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
NORNorway
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
NZLNew Zealand
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997 introduced)
POLPoland
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
PRTPortugal
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
ROMRomania
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
RUSRussian Federation
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
SVKSlovakia (Slovak Republic)
 (Dvorak & Straka, 2007)
SVNSlovenia
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
SWESweden
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
TURTurkey
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-AKUnited States - Alaska
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-ALUnited States - Alabama
 (Akre et al., 1980)
USA-AZUnited States - Arizona
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-CAUnited States - California
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-COUnited States - Colorado
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-CTUnited States - Connecticut
 (Lewis, 1897; Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-DEUnited States - Delaware
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-GAUnited States - Georgia
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-HawHawaii
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997 introduced)
USA-IAUnited States - Iowa
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-IDUnited States - Idaho
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-ILUnited States - Illinois
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-INUnited States - Indiana
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-KSUnited States - Kansas
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-KYUnited States - Kentucky
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-MAUnited States - Masachusettes
 (Lewis, 1897; Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-MDUnited States - Maryland
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-MEUnited States - Maine
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-MIUnited States - Michigan
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-MNUnited States - Minnesota
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-MTUnited States - Montana
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NCUnited States - North Carolina
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NDUnited States - North Dakota
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NEUnited States - Nebraska
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NHUnited States - New Hampshire
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NJUnited States - New Jersey
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NMUnited States - New Mexico
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NVUnited States - Nevada
 (Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-NYUnited States - New York
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-OHUnited States - Ohio
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-ORUnited States - Oregon
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-PAUnited States - Pennsylvania
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-RIUnited States - Rhode Island
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-SDUnited States - South Dakota
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-TNUnited States - Tennessee
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-UTUnited States - Utah
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-VAUnited States - Virginia
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-VTUnited States - Vermont
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-WAUnited States - Washington
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-WIUnited States - Wisconsin
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-WVUnited States - West Virginia
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)
USA-WYUnited States - Wyoming
 (Akre et al., 1980; Carpenter & Kojima, 1997)

Literature

  • Akre, R.D., A. Greene, J.F. MacDonald, P.J.Landolt & H.G. Davis 1980. The yellowjackets of America North of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Handbook 552:1-102.
  • Bieri, S. 2002. Bienen und Wespen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. 1-160.
  • Carpenter, J.M. & J. Kojima 1997. Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nat Hist Bulletin Ibaraki Univer 1:51-92.
  • Dvorak, L. 2006. Oriental Hornet Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 found in Mexico (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae). Ent. Problems 36 (1):80.
  • Dvorak, L. & J. Straka 2007. Vespoidea: Vespidae (vosovití). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae Supplementum 11:171-189.
  • Esser, Fuhrmann & Venne 2010. Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der Wildbienen und Wespen (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Crabronidae, Sphecidae, Ampulicidae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Tiphiidae, Sapygidae, Mutillidae, Chrysididae) Nordrhein-Westfalens. Ampulex 2:5-60.
  • Fowles, A.P. 1996. A provisional checklist of the invertebrates recorded from Wales. 2. Aculeate wasps, bees and ants (Hymenoptera: Aculeata). 1-57.
  • Kimsey, L.S. & J.M. Carpenter 2012. The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28:37-65.
  • Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.
  • Landolt, P.J., J.M. Sierra, T.R. Unruh & R.S. Zack 2010. A new species of Vespula, and first record of Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from Guatemala, Central America. Zootaxa 2629:61-68.
  • Lewis, B.S. 1897. Vespinae of the United States and Canada. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 24 (2):169-192, 1 pl.
  • Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus I. Editio Decima Reformata. [4] + [5] + 823 + [1] p.
  • Mauss, V. & R. Treiber 1994. Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Faltenwespen (Hymenoptera: Masarinae, Polistinae, Vespinae) der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. DJN, Hamburg. 1-53.
  • Mauss, V. & R. Treiber 2004. Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Faltenwespen (Hymenoptera: Masarinae, Polistinae, Vespinae) der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Deutscher Jugendbund für Naturbeobachtung, Hamburg. 1-53.
  • Oehlke, J. 2001. Vespidae. In: Dathe, H., A. Taeger & S.M. Blank (Ed.). Verzeichnis der Hautflügler Deutschlands (Entomofauna Germanica, Band 4). 129-133.
  • Saure, C. 1999. Bienen, Wespen und Ameisen (Insecta: Hymenoptera) im Großraum Berlin. Verbreitung, Gefährdung und Lebensräume. Beitrag zur Ökologie einer Großstadt. 1. überarbeitete Fassung, Februar 1998. In: Köppel, C., E. Rennwald & N. Hirneisen (Ed.). Rote Listen auf CD-ROM. Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz, Liechtenstein, Südtirol. Vol. 1: Mitteleuropa. Ausgabe 1 (Stand 30.06.1998). .
  • Saure, C., F. Burger & J. Oehlke 1998. Rote Liste und Artenliste der Gold-, Falten- und Wegwespen des Landes Brandenburg (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae, Vespidae, Pompilidae). Naturschutz Landschaftspflege Brandenburg 7 (2 Beilage):3-23.
  • Schmid-Egger, C. 2010. Rote Liste der Wespen Deutschlands. Ampulex 1:3-39.
  • Schmid-Egger, C., S. Risch & O. Niehuis 1995. Die Wildbienen und Wespen in Rheinland-Pfalz (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Verbreitung, Ökologie und Gefährdungssituation. Fauna Flora Rheinland-Pfalz Beiheft 16:1-296.
  • Smissen, J. van der 2001. Die Wildbienen und Wespen Schleswig-Holsteins - Rote Liste. Landesamt für Natur und Umwelt des Landes Schleswig-Holsteins, Flintbek. 1-183.
  • Tischendorf et al. 2013. Rote Liste der Faltenwespen Hessens (Hymenoptera Vespidae: Eumeninae, Polistinae, Vespinae). Wiesbaden.